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Ref.
No: 0407-27
Type:
Kuba-Shirvan
Group:
Kuba
Sub-Group:
Pirabadil
Origin
Country:
AZERBAIJAN, Pirabadil Village
General/Historical
Information: The village Pirabadil is located 15 km far from Devechi. Local
carpet makers call it "Burma", "Qyrmaq" and
"Qaychi" (Shears in Azeri language). The old name of this carpet
is Migrazi or Graz, which in Arabic means "shears".
The main element of this carpet is the shears-shaped ornament which is
located in central field. Here it is necessary to talk about the
historical progress of pile carpets, it will be helpful to understand why
the ancient people chose exactly this name for the carpet.
The history of carpet making consists of 4 steps:
1)The ancient people used the strong fibrous outer layer of certain plant stems, consisting of phloem
tissue, such as flax or hemp, to make cords. And they used these cords to
manufacture one colored bast mats, floor coverings, shawls. And later they
started to use the wool of animals to make palazes (very simple flat woven
carpet) and jejims with simple lines and straps and natural colors.
2)The second period: This is an important stage in the history of carpet
making. The people started to make kilims with primitive ornaments. They
started to use more complex method of weaving.
3) The method of weaving is in the peak of progress. They started to make
zili, sumakh, shadda and verni carpets. The ornaments were developed and
became much more complex. Jewelry and precious stones were used to
decorate the carpets. From the artistic point of view this stage is
considered as the most important stage of carpet making.
4)With
the invention of metal the people started to make more useful and strong
tools such as
shears,
scissors and etc. This process stimulated the people to make hand knotted
carpets with pile.
To make the metal shears,
was a very important invention in carpet making history. They were using
to cut the pile or to shorten them. For the same reason, the historical
sources shows that the carpets with pile were called Qaychi or Migrazi in
the beginning.
Art
Analysis:
The main elements of Pirabadil carpet:
Central Field
1)
Shears -Qaychi (There is another theory proclaims that this ornament is
the symbol of horns (buynuz) or a ram (Goch), which means courage and
manliness) - in the central field
2) Camel - is located in the central field.
3)Leaves of fruit trees
4)Octagon medallions (not in this sample)
Click here to see the details in pictures
Borders
1)Central Kayma
2)Zenjire (Pakhlava)
3)Secondary kayma
4)Medakhil (in Kazak region it is called chomche, in Karabagh -
"pitik" or "achma-yumma", north eastern part of
Azerbaijan -mollabashy)
5)Jagi
Background color of the carpet is generally dark blue, but sometimes it
could be made in dark red as well. (as in this sample)
Pile:
WOOL
Warps:
wool
Wefts: cotton
Density/Kpsm
(knots per square meter):
(40x50) up to 200 000
Colors:
Naturally dyed
Size:
123cmx180cm
Area: 2.21m2
AGE:
1980th years
Condition:
excellent
Technical
Analysis: Density
of "Pirabadil" carpets varies from 40x40 to 45x45 per
square decimeter. (from 160.000 to 200.000 knots per square meter)
The
height of pile: 4-5 mm
Researched
and prepared by Vugar Dadashov
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